Curl Pattern Basics

Curl Pattern Basics

Curl type chart 2A‑4C

Understanding your curl pattern and hair porosity is the first step to build a perfect curly‑hair routine. Your curl type describes the shape of your hair strand, while porosity tells how well your hair absorbs and retains moisture.

Hair Curl Types

  • 2A‑2C: Loose waves and soft curls. Hair tends to be more lightweight, easy to frizz in humid weather.
  • 3A‑3C: Spring‑shaped spiral ringlets. Curls are bouncy, need consistent moisture to avoid dry ends.
  • 4A‑4B: Tight spring coils. Requires rich moisturizing products, avoid harsh drying ingredients.
  • 4C: Dense zig‑zag coils. Very fragile, prone to shrinkage; heavy hydration and gentle handling are essential.
Hair porosity high medium low

What Is Hair Porosity

Porosity refers to the condition of your hair cuticle, which determines how moisture enters and stays inside hair strands.

  • High Porosity: Cuticles are wide‑open. Hair absorbs moisture fast but loses moisture quickly. Easy dry, frizzy.
  • Medium Porosity: Balanced cuticles. Accepts moisture well, holds styling products nicely. Most ideal hair state.
  • Low Porosity: Cuticles lay flat. Hard for products to penetrate. Products sit on top of hair, easy product‑build‑up.

Simple Porosity Self‑Test At Home

Take one clean shed hair, drop it into a glass of room‑temperature water.

  • Sinks quickly → High porosity
  • Floats middle of water → Medium porosity
  • Keeps floating on top → Low porosity

Once you know your curl pattern and porosity, you can pick suitable shampoo, conditioner and styling products for your natural hair.